दिल्ली
सरकार vs एलजी
विवाद
इधर दिल्ली सरकार और
एलजी के बीच बढ़ रहे विवादों को लेकर आइये दिल्ली सरकार vs एलजी
विवाद के संबंध मे आइये
संविधान मे दिये गए व्यवस्थावों की विवेचना करते हैं।
इस संबंध मे संविधान
के सभी अनुच्छेदों को पढ़ने के बाद जो दो सार तत्व मिला वो निम्न है।
1. दिल्ली विधान सभा को स्टेट लिस्ट के 66 विषयों मे से 3 को छोडकर 60 विषयों पे
पूर्णतः और 3 विषयों मे अंशतः नियम बनाने का अधिकार है मतलब की सिर्फ तीन बिन्दु
पे ही दिल्ली विधान सभा की मर्यादा है बाकी सब पे अधिकार है। ( लिस्ट के लिए देखें
अटैच अपेंडिक्स A )
2. दिल्ली विधान सभा को कानकरेंट लिस्ट के 47 विषयों मे से 47 विषयों पे पूर्णतः
नियम बनाने का अधिकार है। ( लिस्ट के लिए देखें अटैच अपेंडिक्स B )
3.
पार्लियामेंट ही सूप्रीम है ना की गृह मंत्री एवं एलजी
4.
राष्ट्रपति ही अंतिम और फ़ाइनल निर्णायक है ना की गृह मंत्री एवं एलजी
इस सार तत्व के अलावा संविधान
के कुछ आर्टिक्ल हैं जो एलजी एवं दिल्ली विधान सभा के अधिकारों का वर्णन करते हैं
वो आर्टिक्ल निम्न हैं। जिसके बारे मे जानना जरूरी है।
·
आर्टिक्ल 239AA की
उप धारा जो की दिल्ली विधान सभा को शक्ति देती है वह है उपधारा (3) (a), (4) & (8)
·
आर्टिक्ल 239बी की उप धारा (2), (2)(a), (2)(b), (3)
·
स्टेट लिस्ट की एंट्रीज़ 1,2, & 18 एवं एंट्रीज़ 64,65,66 जो की एंट्रीज़ 1,2, & 18
के सीमित संदर्भ मे लागू होते हैं
·
कानकरेंट लिस्ट
आइये एक एक करके जानते हैं ये धाराएँ
एवं अनुच्छेद क्या कहते हैं।
धारा 239AA की उप धारा (3)(a)
दिल्ली विधान सभा को ये सम्पूर्ण शक्ति देती है की वह “स्टेट लिस्ट” एवं
“कानकरेंट लिस्ट” मे आने वाली सभी चीजों
के लिए कानून बना सकती है सिवाय स्टेट लिस्ट के एंट्रीज़ 1,2, &
18 के एवं एवं एंट्रीज़ 64,65,66 जो की एंट्रीज़ 1,2, & 18 के सीमित संदर्भ मे लागू होते हैं। आपकी
जानकारी के लिए उप धारा (3)(a),
एवं दिल्ली विधान सभा के लिए वर्जित एंट्रीज़ निम्न है
उप धारा (3)(a) : दिल्ली विधान सभा को
कानून बनाने की शक्ति देने वाला धारा
(3) (a) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the
Legislative Assembly shall have power to make laws for the whole or any part of
the National Capital Territory with respect to any of the matters enumerated in
the State List or in the Concurrent List in so far as any such matter is
applicable to Union territories except matters with respect to Entries 1, 2 and
18 of the State List and Entries 64, 65 and 66 of that List in so far as they
relate to the said Entries 1, 2 and 18
दिल्ली विधान सभा के लिए
स्टेट लिस्ट की वर्जित एंट्रीज़
1. Public order
(but not including the use of any naval, military or air force or any other armed force of
the Union or of any other force subject to the control of the Union or of any contingent
or unit thereof in aid of the civil
power).
2. Police (including railway
and village police) subject to the provisions of entry 2A of List I.
18. Land, that is to say,
rights in or over land, land tenures including the relation of landlord and
tenant, and the collection of rents; transfer and alienation of agricultural
land; land improvement and agricultural loans; colonization.
एंट्रीज़ 64,65,66 जो की एंट्रीज़ 1,2, &
18 के सीमित संदर्भ मे लागू होते हैं।
64. Offences against laws with respect to any of the
matters in
this List.
65. Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the
Supreme
Court, with respect to any of the matters in this List.
66. Fees in respect of any of the matters in this List,
but not
including fees taken in any court.
स्टेट
लिस्ट के 66 एंट्रीज़ मे से उपरोक्त कुल 6 एंट्रीज़ को छोड़ कर पूरा का पूरा 60 विषय
जो की स्टेट लिस्ट मे आता है और कानकरेंट
लिस्ट के 47 विषय के ऊपर अधिकार दिल्ली विधान सभा को है।
स्टेट लिस्ट एवं कानकरेंट लिस्ट अपेंडिक्स A एवं B अटैच है उसे पढ़ें।
उप धारा (4) : यह धारा ही मुख्य विवाद
की जड़ है
इसमे लिखा है की सीएम की अगुवाई मे
मंत्रियों का एक समूह एलजी को सहायता और सलाह देगा
उसके कर्तव्यों के निर्वहन मे
यहाँ थोड़ा भ्रम यह है की यहाँ “in the
exercise of his functions”
किसके लिए लिखी है
सीएम के लिए या एलजी के लिए, एक मिनट के लिए यह मान लेते हैं की एलजी के लिए
लिखी हुई
है तो भी यह कर्तव्य वही कर्तव्य है जिसपे कानून बनाने का अधिकार धारा 3(a) के कारण दिल्ली
विधान सभा को है, हाँ उन विषयों पे एलजी को स्वतंत्र अधिकार है जहां किसी कानून के तहत
स्वतंत्र अधिकार
दिये हुए हैं। साथ ही इस धारा मे यह भी व्यवस्था दी हुई है की अगर
एलजी को अधिकारों लो लेकर कोई विवाद
या भ्रम की स्थिति है मंत्रियों के साथ ( यहाँ
मंत्रियों शब्द लिखा है मुख्य मंत्री नहीं, राज्य मे दो तरह के
मंत्री होते
हैं मंत्री और मुख्यमंत्री, मुख्य मंत्री को
मंत्री नहीं केवल मुख्य मंत्री बोला जाता है ) तो एलजी विषय को राष्ट्रपति
को रेफर
करेगा और राष्ट्रपति के कहे अनुसार ही कार्य करेगा। हाँ किन्ही विशेष परिस्थितियों
मे उसे यदि ऐसा
लगता है की मामला इतना आवश्यक है की राष्ट्रपति के अनुदेशों का
इंतज़ार नहीं किया जा सकता तो वह खुद
निर्णय राज्य एवं संविधान के हित मे ले सकता
है।
(4) There
shall be a Council of Ministers consisting of not more than ten per cent. of
the total number of members in the Legislative Assembly, with the Chief
Minister at the head to aid and advise the Lieutenant Governor in the exercise
of his functions in relation to matters with respect to which the Legislative
Assembly has power to make laws, except in so far as he is, by or under any
law, required to act in his discretion:
Provided that in the case of difference of opinion between
the Lieutenant Governor and his Ministers on any matter, the Lieutenant
Governor shall refer it to the President for decision and act according to the
decision given thereon by the President and pending such decision it shall be
competent for the Lieutenant Governor in any case where the matter, in his
opinion, is so urgent that it is necessary for him to take immediate action, to
take such action or to give such direction in the matter as he deems necessary.
उप धारा (8) :इस धारा के माध्यम से एलजी
को धारा 239एबी एवं पुडुचेरी मे धारा 239B के तहत दी गयी व्यवस्थावों के समकक्ष शक्ति
दी गयी है
इस धारा के माध्यम से एलजी को धारा
239एबी एवं पुडुचेरी मे धारा 239B के तहत दी गयी व्यवस्थावों के समकक्ष शक्ति दी गयी है
जिसके
तहत एलजी एक अध्यादेश के तहत कोई विषय या प्रावधान ला सकता है बशर्ते यह अध्यादेश राष्ट्रपति के आदेशों के तहत आनी चाहिए, यह अध्यादेश विधान सभा सत्र के दौरान नहीं आना चाहिए, या निलंबित या भंग विधान सभा के दौरान नहीं आना चाहिए। इस अध्यादेश के
साथ भी समयसीमा के साथ साथ कई मर्यादाएं है जिसे एलजी स्वेच्छा से जब चाहे तब नहीं
ला सकता है और इसे कुछ परिस्थितियों मे या तो एलजी वापस ले लेगा या इसे निरस्त भी
विधान सभा कर सकती है। धारा 8 को पूरी तरह समझने के लिए धारा 239AB और 239 बी भी पढ़नी पड़ेंगी जो
निम्न है।
(8) The provisions of article 239B shall, so far as
may be, apply in relation to the National Capital Territory, the Lieutenant
Governor and the Legislative Assembly, as they apply in relation to the Union
territory of Pondicherry, the administrator and its Legislature, respectively;
and any reference in that article to “clause (1) of article 239A” shall be
deemed to be a reference to this article or article 239AB, as the case may be.
239AB. Provision
in case of failure of constitutional machinery.—If the President, on receipt of a report from
the Lieutenant Governor or otherwise, is satisfied—
(a) that a situation has arisen in which the administration of
the National Capital Territory cannot be carried on in accordance with
the provisions of article 239AA or of any law made in pursuance of that article; or
(b) that for the proper administration
of the National Capital Territory it is necessary or expedient so to do, the President may by order suspend the operation of any provision of
article 239AA or of all or any of the provisions of
any law made in pursuance of that article for such period and subject to such conditions as may
be specified in such law and make such incidental and consequential provisions as may
appear to him to be necessary or expedient for administering the National Capital Territory in
accordance with the provisions of article 239 and article 239AA.
239B. Power of administrator to promulgate Ordinances
during recess of Legislature.— (1) If at any time, except when the Legislature of the
Union
territory of Pondicherry is in session, the administrator
thereof is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him
to take immediate action, he may promulgate such Ordinances as the circumstances
appear to him to require:
Provided that no such Ordinance shall be promulgated by the
administrator except after obtaining instructions from the President in that
behalf:
Provided further that whenever the said Legislature is
dissolved, or its functioning remains suspended on account of any action taken
under any such law as is referred to in clause (1) of article 239A, the
administrator shall not promulgate any Ordinance during the period of such
dissolution or suspension.
(2) An
Ordinance promulgated under this article in pursuance of instructions from the
President shall be deemed to be an Act of the Legislature of the Union territory which has been duly enacted after
complying with the provisions in that behalf contained in any such law as is
referred to in clause (1) of article 239A, but every such Ordinance—
(a) shall
be laid before the Legislature of the Union territory and shall cease to
operate at the expiration of six weeks from the reassembly of the Legislature
or if, before the expiration of that period, a resolution disapproving it is
passed by the Legislature, upon the passing of the resolution; and
(b) may be
withdrawn at any time by the administrator after obtaining instructions from
the President in that behalf.
(3) If and so far
as an Ordinance under this article makes any provision which would not be valid
if enacted in an Act of the Legislature of the Union territory made after
complying with the provisions in that behalf contained in any such law as is
referred to in clause (1) of article 239A, it shall be void.
अपेंडिक्स
A
List II—State List
1. Public order (but not
including the use of any naval, military or air force or any other armed force of the Union or
of any other force subject to the control of the Union or of any contingent or unit thereof in aid of the
civil power).
2. Police (including railway
and village police) subject to the provisions of entry 2A of List I.
3. Officers and servants of
the High Court; procedure in rent and revenue courts; fees taken in all courts except
the Supreme Court.
4. Prisons, reformatories,
Borstal institutions and other institutions of a like nature, and persons detained therein;
arrangements with other States for the use of prisons and other institutions.
5. Local government, that is
to say, the constitution and powers of municipal corporations, improvement trusts,
districts boards, mining settlement authorities and other local authorities for the purpose
of local self-government or village administration.
6. Public health and
sanitation; hospitals and dispensaries.
7. Pilgrimages, other than
pilgrimages to places outside India.
8. Intoxicating liquors, that
is to say, the production, manufacture, possession, transport, purchase and
sale of
intoxicating liquors.
9. Relief of the disabled and
unemployable.
10. Burials and burial grounds;
cremations and cremation grounds.
* *
* * *
12. Libraries, museums and
other similar institutions controlled or financed by the State; ancient and historical monuments and records other than those declared by or under law made by Parliament to be of
national
importance.
13. Communications, that is to
say, roads, bridges, ferries, and other means of communication not specified in List I;
municipal tramways; ropeways; inland waterways and traffic thereon subject to the provisions of List I and List III with regard to such waterways; vehicles other than
mechanically propelled vehicles.
14. Agriculture, including
agricultural education and research, protection against pests and prevention of plant
diseases.
15. Preservation, protection
and improvement of stock and prevention of animal diseases; veterinary
training and practice.
16. Pounds and the prevention
of cattle trespass.
17. Water, that is to say,
water supplies, irrigation and canals, drainage and embankments, water storage and water
power subject to the provisions of entry 56 of List I.
18. Land, that is to say,
rights in or over land, land tenures including the relation of landlord and tenant, and
the
collection of rents; transfer and alienation of agricultural and; land improvement and
agricultural loans; colonization.
* * * * *
21. Fisheries.
22. Courts of wards subject to
the provisions of entry 34 of List I; encumbered and attached estates.
23. Regulation of mines and
mineral development subject to the provisions of List I with respect to
regulation and development under the control of the Union.
24. Industries subject to the
provisions of entries 7 and 52 of List I.
25. Gas and gas-works.
26. Trade and commerce within
the State subject to the provisions of entry 33 of List III.
27. Production, supply and distribution of goods
subject to the provisions of entry 33 of List III.
28. Markets and fairs.
* * * * *
30. Money-lending and
money-lenders; relief of agricultural indebtedness.
31. Inns and inn-keepers.
32. Incorporation, regulation
and winding up of corporations, other than those specified in List I, and universities; unincorporated trading, literary, scientific, religious and other societies and associations;
co-operative societies.
33. Theatres and dramatic
performances; cinemas subject to the provisions of entry 60 of List I; sports, entertainments
and amusements.
34. Betting and gambling.
35. Works, lands and buildings vested in or in the
possession of the State.
* * *
* *
37. Elections to the
Legislature of the State subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament.
38. Salaries and allowances of
members of the Legislature of the State, of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, if there is a Legislative Council, of the Chairman and Deputy
Chairman thereof.
39. Powers, privileges and
immunities of the Legislative Assembly and of the members and the committees thereof, and, if there is a Legislative Council, of that Council and of the members and the
committees thereof; enforcement of attendance of persons for giving evidence or
producing documents before committees of the Legislature of the State.
40. Salaries and allowances of
Ministers for the State.
41. State public services;
State Public Service Commission.
42. State pensions, that is to
say, pensions payable by the State or out of the Consolidated Fund of the State.
43. Public debt of the State.
44. Treasure trove.
45. Land revenue, including the
assessment and collection of revenue, the maintenance of land records, survey for revenue purposes and records of rights, and alienation of revenues.
46. Taxes on agricultural
income.
47. Duties in respect of
succession to agricultural land.
48. Estate duty in respect of
agricultural land.
49. Taxes on lands and
buildings.
50. Taxes on mineral rights
subject to any limitations imposed by Parliament by law relating to mineral development.
51. Duties of excise on the
following goods manufactured or produced in the State and countervailing duties at
the same or lower rates on similar goods manufactured or produced elsewhere in
India:—
(a)
alcoholic liquors for human consumption;
(b) opium,
Indian hemp and other narcotic drugs and narcotics,
but not including medicinal and toilet preparations
containing alcohol or any substance included in sub- paragraph (b) of this
entry.
52. Taxes on the entry of goods
into a local area for consumption, use or sale therein.
53. Taxes on the consumption or
sale of electricity.
54. Taxes on the sale or
purchase of goods other than newspapers, subject to the provisions of entry 92A of
List I.
55. Taxes on advertisements
other than advertisements published in the newspapers and advertisements broadcast by
radio or television.
56. Taxes on goods and
passengers carried by road or on inland waterways.
57. Taxes on vehicles, whether
mechanically propelled or not, suitable for use on roads, including tramcars subject to the provisions of entry 35 of List III.
58. Taxes on animals and boats.
59. Tolls.
60. Taxes on professions,
trades, callings and employments.
61. Capitation taxes.
62. Taxes on luxuries,
including taxes on entertainments, amusements, betting and gambling.
63. Rates of stamp duty in
respect of documents other than those specified in the provisions of List I with
regard to rates of stamp duty.
64. Offences against laws with
respect to any of the matters in this List.
65. Jurisdiction and powers of
all courts, except the Supreme Court, with respect to any of the matters in this
List.
66. Fees in respect of any of
the matters in this List, but not including fees taken in any court.
अपेंडिक्स B
List
III—Concurrent List
1. Criminal law, including all
matters included in the Indian Penal Code at the commencement of this
Constitution but excluding offences against laws with respect to any of the
matters specified in List I or List II and excluding the use of naval, military
or air forces or any other armed forces of the Union in aid of the civil power.
2. Criminal procedure, including
all matters included in the Code of
Criminal Procedure at the commencement of this Constitution.
3. Preventive detention for
reasons connected with the security of a State, the maintenance of public
order, or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the community;
persons subjected to such detention.
4. Removal from one State to
another State of prisoners, accused persons and persons subjected to preventive
detention for reasons specified in entry 3 of this List.
5. Marriage and divorce; infants
and minors; adoption; wills, intestacy and succession; joint family and
partition; all matters in respect of which parties in judicial proceedings were
immediately before the commencement of this Constitution subject to their
personal law.
6. Transfer of property other
than agricultural land; registration of deeds
and documents.
7. Contracts, including partnership, agency, contracts of carriage, and
other special forms of contracts, but not including contracts relating
to agricultural land.
8. Actionable wrongs.
9. Bankruptcy and insolvency.
10. Trust and Trustees.
11. Administrators-general and official trustees.
11A. Administration of Justice; constitution and
organisation of all courts,
except the Supreme Court and the High Courts.
12. Evidence and oaths; recognition of laws, public
acts and records, and
judicial proceedings.
13. Civil procedure, including all matters included in
the Code of Civil
Procedure at the commencement of this Constitution, limitation and
arbitration.
14. Contempt of court, but not including contempt of
the Supreme Court.
15. Vagrancy; nomadic and migratory tribes.
16. Lunacy and mental deficiency, including places for
the reception or
treatment of lunatics and mental deficients.
17. Prevention of cruelty to animals.
17A. Forests.
17B. Protection of wild animals
and birds.
18. Adulteration of foodstuffs and other goods.
19. Drugs and poisons, subject to the provisions of
entry 59 of List I with
respect to
opium.
20. Economic and social planning.
20A. Population control and family planning.
21. Commercial and industrial monopolies, combines and
trusts.
22. Trade unions; industrial and labour disputes.
23. Social security and social insurance; employment
and unemployment.
24. Welfare of labour including conditions of work,
provident funds,employers' liability, workmen's compensation, invalidity and old age pensions and maternity benefits.
25. Education, including technical education, medical
education and universities, subject to the provisions of entries 63, 64, 65 and 66 of List I; vocational and technical training of labour.
26. Legal, medical and other professions.
27. Relief and rehabilitation of persons displaced from
their original place of residence by reason of the setting up of the Dominions of India and Pakistan.
28. Charities and charitable institutions, charitable
and religious endowments and religious institutions.
29. Prevention of the extension from one State to
another of infectious or contagious diseases or pests affecting men, animals or plants.
30. Vital statistics including registration of births
and deaths.
31. Ports other than those declared by or under law
made by Parliament or existing law to be
major ports.
32. Shipping and navigation on inland waterways as
regards mechanically propelled vessels, and the rule of the road on such waterways, and the
carriage of passengers and goods on inland waterways subject to the provisions
of List I with respect to national waterways.
33. Trade and commerce in, and the production, supply and distribution of,—
(a) the products of any
industry where the control of such industry by the Union is declared by Parliament by law
to be expedient in the public interest, and
imported goods of the same kind as such products;
(b) foodstuffs, including edible
oilseeds and oils;
(c) cattle fodder, including
oilcakes and other concentrates;
(d) raw cotton, whether ginned or
unginned, and cotton seed; and
(e) raw jute.
33A. Weights and measures except establishment of
standards.
34. Price control.
35. Mechanically propelled vehicles including the principles
on which taxes on such vehicles are to be levied.
36. Factories
37. Boilers.
38. Electricity.
39. Newspapers, books and printing presses.
40. Archaeological sites and remains other than those
declared by or under law made by Parliament to be of national importance.
41. Custody, management and disposal of property
(including agricultural land) declared by law to be evacuee property.
42. Acquisition and requisitioning of property.
43. Recovery in a State of claims in respect of taxes
and other public demands, including arrears of land-revenue and sums recoverable as such
arrears, arising outside that State.
44. Stamp duties other than duties or fees collected by
means of judicial stamps, but not including rates of stamp duty.
45. Inquiries and statistics for the purposes of any of
the matters Specified in List II or List III.
46. Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the
Supreme Court, with respect to any of the matters in this List.
47. Fees in respect of any of the matters in this List,
but not including fees taken in any court.
Disclaimer : This is
my study as a learning and not an opinion
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